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Forces and their interactions GapFill
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All measurements can be categorised as either (which have size but not direction) or (which have both size and direction), which include forces.
Distance is how far an object moves, and does not take into account direction. is how far away from a starting position an object has travelled, and in which direction; it is a vector. Similarly, is the speed of an object, taking into account the direction of travel; this is also a vector. is another vector, and describes the rate at which an object speeds up or slows down. Newton's laws describe how forces affect motion.
Newton's first law states that if an object has no forces acting on it, it will . Newton's second law can be stated by the equation .
Newton's third law states that when two objects interact, . is an object's resistance to acceleration.
Gravity is the attraction of objects to each other; it's responsible for a wide variety of effects, from making sure you stay on the ground to controlling the orbits of planets around the Sun. is the name given to the gravitational attraction between an object and a planet (usually Earth), which acts from a point on an object known as its , and can be measured using a device called .