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Respiration Typeit
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Respiration is an exothermic reaction used to transfer energy in organisms. It can occur as aerobic respiration or respiration, depending on the availability of oxygen. When there is insufficient oxygen, muscles produce , although this can eventually be converted back to , the preferred energy source for most organisms. An is the shortage of oxygen resulting from anaerobic respiration. Most animals try to reduce or prevent this by increasing their breathing rate and volume during exercise to increase the amount of oxygen they are taking in, and their will also generally increase to pump the oxygen around their body faster. In contrast, plants and yeast produce and carbon dioxide during anaerobic respiration.
is the sum of all the reactions in a cell or in the body. This occurs all the time and can work in both directions - for example, amino acids are formed from ions and glucose, and the excess are broken down into by the and excreted. Carbohydrates and can also be formed, and both of these can be good ways for organisms to store chemical energy. The process of breaking down these molecules can be speeded up by molecules called .