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Using materials and the Haber process Typeit
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Some of the most important elements used in plant growth are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so NPK fertilisers are hugely important to civilisation.
The process is used to produce ammonia, containing the nitrogen which gets used in fertilisers. This uses hydrogen, from , and nitrogen, from , which are purified and passed over a catalyst made of at a temperature of around °C, and at a pressure of around atmospheres. The nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia, which is liquefied to separate it out, and then leftover hydrogen and nitrogen are recycled into the system.
The ammonia solution produced is turned into useful salts by reacting the ammonia solution with:
The source of phosphate used in fertiliser, phosphate rock, is also mined, but cannot be used directly. Instead, it has to undergo various reactions to produce a variety of phosphate salts.
The process is used to produce ammonia, containing the nitrogen which gets used in fertilisers. This uses hydrogen, from , and nitrogen, from , which are purified and passed over a catalyst made of at a temperature of around °C, and at a pressure of around atmospheres. The nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia, which is liquefied to separate it out, and then leftover hydrogen and nitrogen are recycled into the system.
The ammonia solution produced is turned into useful salts by reacting the ammonia solution with:
- to produce ammonium nitrate
- to produce ammonium sulfate
- to produce ammonium phosphate
The source of phosphate used in fertiliser, phosphate rock, is also mined, but cannot be used directly. Instead, it has to undergo various reactions to produce a variety of phosphate salts.