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Reactions of acids Typeit
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Acids can form salts in the following reactions:
- acid + metal → salt +
- acid + metal hydroxide or metal → salt + water
- acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
The salt formed depends on the positive ions present and the acid used, e.g. sulfuric acid forms .
Soluble salts can be formed by heating an acid and adding an solid metal, alkali or base until no more reacts. The mixture should then be to remove excess solid and heated to remove the water so that solid, dry form.
Acids release H+ ions in solution, whereas alkali solutions always contain ions. The acidity or alkalinity of a solution can be measured using a pH meter with a scale from 0 to , where is considered neutral.
A reaction between an acid and an alkali can be summarised as H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → (l). These reactions are the basis of , where the volume of reacting acids and alkalis is measured and used to find the concentration of one of the solutions. Acid is dripped slowly from a burette into a solution containing a base and a suitable , which changes colour when the reaction is complete.
Acids are described as strong if they completely ionise in solution, otherwise they are called acids. These are not the same as acids, which just have a smaller mass of acid dissolved in the same volume of water.