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Goal-setting Typeit
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Goal-setting is used by athletes and to focus an athlete / a participant on short-term and long-term achievements. Goal-setting is also used to athletes and maintain their focus. There are two types of goals.
goals are types of goals intrinsic to the performer. This means that the performer is not concerned with what others are doing. They compare their results to the results they have achieved in the past. For example, if a swimmer personally swam 50 m freestyle in 25 seconds, they would only concern their performance goals with beating that time. They may also compare their performance to how the performance felt. For example, a sprinter may not be concerned with their sprint time, but is interested in getting out of the blocks well.
goals are types of goals used only to determine the success or failure of an athlete when compared to other people. For example, a 100 m sprinter who isn’t interested in the time they run, as long as they come first in the race.
It is possible for these two goal types to be used together. However, generally speaking , each is suitable for a different type of athlete and so should be used independently.
Beginners:
- Beginners should not use goals as they cannot control or influence the performance of others around them. This puts them in a stressful and frustrating situation if they do not win, and failure can be and may reduce the likelihood of the beginner returning to the sport.
- goals are more suited to beginner athletes, as they can focus on goals regarding their performance of a skill, without worrying about what others around them are doing.
Elite:
- Elite athletes would use goals to focus on particular aspects of their performance. For example, a triple jumper may focus on landing as close to the take-off board as possible prior to take-off; however, they would still have the outcome goal of winning.
- However, elite athletes will often use goals as they are intrinsically wanting to win or finish in a certain position at all costs and, therefore, success is their primary goal. This may also be a result of having to qualify for certain competitions/events in the future. For example, in the most recent London Marathon, the top 10 finish places contributed towards qualifying for the next Olympic Games and, therefore, this was an outcome goal for many elite athletes that day.