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13. DNA and chromosomes Typeit
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Discovering the structure of DNA
By the early twentieth century, scientists knew that hereditary information was passed from parent to child in the form of units they called .
The development of more powerful had allowed scientists to see structures inside cells in more detail, and the DNA molecule had been identified, but nobody was sure about its structure or how it worked.
Rosalind worked on DNA from 1951 to 1953, with Maurice . She used X-rays to photograph DNA molecules. The photographs she produced showed that the DNA molecule has a unique shape called a .
Francis and James had been working on building models of DNA, and the photographs helped them to make an accurate model of DNA structure. They published their work in 1953.
In 1962 Crick, Watson and Wilkins were awarded the Prize for Medicine for their work on DNA structure. Wilkins' colleague had died before the prize was awarded.