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Astronomy Typeit
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Planets, e.g. Earth, orbit , and planets are orbited by moons and . The Sun and all of the planets orbiting it make up our .
Stars are formed in vast collections of gas and dust called . Over time, gravity brings this gas and dust together to form a , which eventually becomes large enough to start nuclear , at which point it becomes a main sequence star.
Once a main sequence star has run out of fuel, it moves on to the next stage of its life cycle.
For a high mass star, it first expands into a red supergiant, which then explodes in a . Once this finishes, the leftover core can be either a neutron star or a .
For a low mass star, it first expands into a red giant, which eventually sheds its outer layers. The core leftover is a , which takes billions of years to cool.
Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is one of trillions of galaxies. Light from the most distant galaxies has stretched-out wavelengths, an effect known as . This provides evidence of the theory, which states that the universe started from a small dense region, which expanded outwards, and is still expanding today.
Radio telescopes and other (non-optical) telescopes collect information from other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum; for instance, .
Earth’s atmosphere can distort the image received from space. This is why many telescopes are positioned on the tops of mountains or even in space as satellites. The was the first optical space telescope and sends wonderful images back to Earth of very distant objects. More recently the James Webb Space has been transmitting even clearer images of deeper space.