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DNA and protein synthesis Typeit
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DNA is the polymer that stores genetic material in organisms. DNA strands are made up of repeating units, and the backbones consist of alternating sugar and sections. There are four possible nucleotides, depending on which is used.
Body cells contain the entire human in pairs of chromosomes. These are divided into which code for sequences of , which are building blocks for specific proteins. A sequence is first transcribed from DNA to RNA in the and then occurs on ribosomes.
DNA can be extracted from cells by mixing a food sample with detergent (to break down any ) and (to help the DNA clump together). When the mixture is heated and filtered, enzymes are then added to break down any proteins, and ice-cold is poured in to get the DNA to precipitate out.