Abbreviations Learn

These look easy abbreviations (don't forget the dots), but will you get 100% when you do the exercise where you are given the abbreviation and have to give the whole word?

• accel. is short for accelerando
• rall. is short for rallentando
• rit. is short for both ritardando and ritenuto
• stacc. is short for staccato
• espr. is short for espressivo
• express. is short for espressivo
• sim. is short for simile

And do you know these slightly harder ones...

Here are some more where the abbreviation is straightforward:

• marc. is short for marcato
• poch. is short for pochettino
• ad lib. is short for ad libitum
• D.C. is short for da capo
• D.S. is short for dal segno

The meaning for all these Italian terms is covered in the other topics.

You probably know these abbreviations already:

• f is for forte
• mf is for mezzo forte
• ff  is for fortissimo

But do you know these next two?

You probably already know these abbreviations:

• p is for piano
• mp is for mezzo piano
• pp is for pianissimo

You can probably guess this next one...

If cresc. is the abbreviation for crescendo...