Reactions of acids GapFill

Acids can react with metals to form  a metal carbonatea salta halogena metal acidan alkalia metal oxide and hydrogen, with metal hydroxides and metal oxides to form a salt and  wateroxygena basehydrogen carbonatea hydrocarbonmethane, and with metal carbonates to form a salt, water and  hydrogencarbon monoxidea metalcarbon dioxidehydrogen carbonatecarbon. The salts which are formed in these reactions depend on the metal and the acid used; for example, nitric acid forms  nitrogennitritesnitratesnitroxidesnitrilesnitrous oxides, and  sulfochloricethanoicnitrochloricdichlorichydrochloricchloric acid forms chlorides.

To make a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt, heat  an alcohola salt solutionan alkanewatera halogenan acid and then add a solid, insoluble metal, alkali or base until no more reacts. The mixture should be filtered and the solution heated to  evaporatemeltdissolvecondenseabsorbfreeze the water away until  purewhitebluetransparentcolourlesssoft, dry salt crystals appear.

Acids release  K⁺H⁺Ca²⁺N⁺Na⁺Cl⁻ ions in solution, and alkali solutions contain OH⁻ ions. The  weighingacidosiscolourwaterpHdensity scale uses the numbers 0 to 14 to describe the acidity or  densitysolubilityalkalinityionisationconcentrationreactivity of a solution, which can be determined using  a buffera thermometera cathodeuniversal indicatora barometeran electrode.