Cycling materials and biodiversity GapFill

Plants are examples of  consumersforestersmanufacturersabsorberssynthesisersproducers, meaning that they are responsible for making  waterglucosechlorophylloxygencarbon dioxidenitrate. This contains energy which is passed through an ecosystem. The transfer of energy can be shown using a  quadratbiomass chaingenetic fingerprintflow chartPunnett squarefood chain. Ecologists use several techniques to study ecosystems in order to work out how abundant or distributed species are. They use  quadratstrichomescompassesquadranglesset squaresprotractors or transects to perform these studies. In an ecosystem, the organisms that initially convert energy to food are eaten by primary, then secondary and tertiary  dinerspathogensfeedersconsumersproducerspredators. Organisms that eat others are called  trapperspreyhuntersfeederscatcherspredators and these feed on  herbivoresvictimsgamepreydefenderspredators.

Materials in an ecosystem are limited and, in most cases, will be repeatedly recycled through the system; without recycling, resources such as carbon and water will not be available for other organisms. The carbon cycle removes  carbon dioxidecarbohydratesdustsootcarbon monoxidestarch from the atmosphere to be used by plants, whilst returning it to the environment in processes such as  transpirationphotosynthesistranscriptiontranslationtranslocationrespiration and decay.

Particular ways in which humans can affect the environment include waste management, such as causing pollution to land, air and  soilthe Suncellsenergygeneswater. Additionally, humans should reduce the excessive removal of trees from Earth - a process known as  deforestationunplantingcullingdephotosynthesisoverchoppingdecomposition. Failure to protect the environment, particularly by burning  fusion reactorsnuclear energyfossil fuelsbiomassacid rainsolar power, can cause global warming.