Carbon, and bulk and surface properties GapFill

Diamond is a giant covalent lattice of carbon atoms, where each atom is bonded to  6784 others around it. Diamond  cannot insulatecan transformcan storecannot conduct electricity and has a high  melting pointsustainabilitynegative chargeflexibility.

In  leadgraphitecoalsilica, carbon atoms are arranged into layers, with each atom bonded to  7635 others around it.  EntropyAn electronHeatEnergy from each atom is delocalised between the layers, and so graphite can conduct  ultraviolet lightheatchargeelectricity. Layers can slide over each other, so graphite is very  densereactivesofthard.

 GrapheneLeadDiamondCoal is one layer of graphite, and its electrically conductive properties mean it is useful in  packagingcosmeticselectronicsvision correction.

Hollow carbon structures are called  grapholesfullerenescoarse particlesemptyanes and include cylinders called carbon  buckytubescylindocarbscarbotunnelsnanotubes and spheres called buckyballs.