Rate of reaction GapFill

The speed of a reaction is called its  rateprecisionstrengthgradient of reaction. This can be calculated by dividing the amount of a reactant  suppliedleft overusedrecycled, or the amount of a  catalystside-productproductmixture formed, by the time taken for the reaction to occur. The amount can be the volume, the  surface areapressuremassrelative formula mass or the number of moles. Graphs of amount against time are usually  disconnectedZ-shapedcurvedstraight lines. A straight line which touches the curve at only one point is called  a tangenta constant linea line of best fita rate line. The  colourlengthgradientstrength of this line tells you the rate of the reaction at that time.

Multiple factors can affect the rate of a general reaction:

• the  fizzinessvolumeconcentrationsurface area of the solution or the  pressureflammabilityentropyvolatility of a gas
• the presence of  an oxidising agentanother reactantan acida catalyst
• the  massconductivityhardnesssurface area of any solid reactant
• the temperature

 CatalystCollisionActivationMole theory can be used to explain how factors affect reaction rate. Higher concentrations or pressures lead to more  frequentunsuccessfulweakenergetic collisions, and increasing the temperature increases collision frequency and the  energysizesurface areaconcentration of the collisions. A catalyst provides a different reaction pathway with a lower  activation energyratesurface-area-to-volume ratioenergy change.