Reactions of alkenes and alcohols GapFill

Alkenes are a group of molecules which contain a carbon-carbon  doublesinglesaturateddelocalised bond. The general formula of the  combustion sequencerelative seriesreactivity serieshomologous series of alkenes is C_nH_2n. Alkenes have fewer hydrogen atoms than their analogous alkanes, so are called  polymericunsaturatedsaturatedmonomeric.

Alkenes can react with:

• hydrogen, to form  alkanescarboxylic acidsalkynesamino acids
• water, to form  alcoholscarboxylic acidsamino acidssalts
• halogens, such as bromine, to form haloalkanes

Alcohols are a group of molecules which contain  an OOHan ONHan OH₂an OH group. Alcohols can react in the following ways:

• with  oxygensodiumchlorinewater, to produce hydrogen gas and a salt
• combustion in air, also known as burning
• with an oxidising agent, to form  carboxylic acidsalkynesalkanesamino acids

Alcohols are often produced by  fermentationfiltrationphotosynthesiscracking, which uses yeast to make ethanol from glucose.

Carboxylic acids are a group of molecules with the functional group  COOHCH₂NH₃OH₂. They can react in the following ways:

• with carbonates, to produce a salt, water and  carbon dioxidecarbon monoxidean alkanehydrogen
• with alcohols, to produce water and  hydrogenan alkenean estermethane