*1.3.b. Linear motion and fluid mechanics GapFill

 Conservation of angular momentumFluid mechanicsMoment of inertiaProjectile motion is the term given to the forces acting on  compoundsspaceliquidsgases (drag) and  liquidsgasescompoundsspace (air resistance), which can impair sporting performance dependent on speed of movement. This has resulted in sports performers such as cyclists and swimmers adapting their equipment, clothing and technique in order to reduce the impact of air resistance and drag, respectively.

Air resistance can be defined as the opposing force to the body during movement  in waterthat is fastin flighton land, due to the displacement of air.

Drag can be defined as the opposing force to the body during movement through water, due to the displacement of water. 

They are both affected by the same factors:

•  MassVelocitySpeedDisplacement – the faster an object, the greater the air resistance and drag acting upon it.
• Mass – if an object is relatively heavy, air resistance will have less of an effect than it would on a lighter object.
•  LateralTotalSagittalFrontal cross-sectional area – the smaller the area of an object, the less effect air resistance has on it. Adjusting position by streamlining is an effective way to reduce this.
• Streamlining and shape – streamlining enables the smoother passage of air around the body. It is a shape adopted in many speed-dependent sports, such as the hunched position in cycling and  aerodynamicaeronauticalwidemanual race car design in Formula One.
• Surface characteristics – a   widesmoothlargerough object surface has a similar effect to streamlining, and attenuates the slowing of speed caused by air resistance and drag. The Lycra design of swimming costumes and running/cycling clothing is an example of how the surface design of sports equipment can reduce air resistance and drag.