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3.1.3.4 Glacial landscapes in the UK (part b) GapFill

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4-5
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You might think of glacial landscapes as bleak, empty places devoid of industry. But you would be wrong! There are several different ways in which we use the land, but there can be  warsforestsaeroplanesconflicts between the different users. Examples of glaciated landscapes include Scotland, the Lake District, Snowdonia and the Pennines.

Glaciated landscapes can be a playground for  treestouristsstonemasonsschoolchildren. They are beautiful, sometimes unspoiled places and are great for hill  Forestry Commissiontouristswalkingambling (in the Lake District it's called Fell walking!) - and also great for exercise. But if you want to visit, you need to be well prepared for the conditions - rough ground and  walkingsteadychangeablefarming weather - you could start out in the morning in sunshine, but there might be a storm in the afternoon. For the more energetic, there is fell-running, and other activities such as rock  climbingskiingsurfingfarming, kayaking, and gill scrambling.

While crops won't grow high in the mountains,  treessheepcatsaeroplanes and sometimes cattle can graze on the hills for parts of the year. In the Lake District, you'll find a hardy breed of sheep called Herdwicks. The sheep are grazed on the mountains, and are brought down to the valleys for lambing season. Sheep grazing can affect the landscape by controlling the  pathsvegetationwallsstreams on the hills - bracken would otherwise take over. In the Lakes there are also many drystone walls and stone sheep pens - adding to the characteristic landscape. Down on the valley floor, the pastures might be cut for  timberstrawhayice.

After the First World War, the  touristssheepForestry CommissionNatural Resources Wales was established in 1919 because our natural forests had been pillaged for the war effort. Our native broadleaved trees grow slowly - so it was time to restock with softwoods. It was found that the uplands made good conditions for growing non-native species such as  oakcoalpeatSitka spruce. The land had little value at the time other than sheep farming, so millions of trees were planted. However, these non-native trees don't make as good a habitat as our native trees. Some people think that these trees look ugly as they are planted in  oakblockscirclesdrystone and are very dark green - they certainly do when large swathes are cut down leaving piles if brash and muddy tracks behind.

The uplands are also used for quarrying useful  igneoustreessedimentarypasture and metamorphic rocks that aren't always available from lowland sources. In the Lake District, for example, roofing  tileswoodlandslatesmaps are produced at Honister, and granite is quarried at Shap. A day out on the hills might be accompanied by the booms from blasting. Quarries and spoil heaps can form large blots on the landscape, and create noise, dust and wagons need to visit site.

There are other uses for the uplands too - the remote and windy sites are excellent for  granitewindwoodlandsolar farms, generating clean electricity for the grid. The MOD also use the uplands to train fighter  slatejetspasturepilots - so a day in the Lakes may also give you a chance to watch jets fly over the valleys - but look quickly as they're soon gone in a roar of noise and send lambs running back to their mothers!

This is your 1st attempt! You get 3 marks for each one you get right. Good luck!

Pass Mark
72%