Infectious diseases GapFill

 PredatorsMutationsToxinsPathogens cause communicable disease and can be viruses, bacteria, protists or  toxinsfungiinsectsarthropods. Chalara  beechcedarbirchash dieback is a plant disease casing leaf loss and bark lesions, and is  waterborne in natureairborne in naturespread by direct contactsexually transmitted.

Malaria is a serious disease caused by a protist whose life cycle involves both humans and  gnatsmosquitoeswaspsspiders, which act as animal vectors. It is widespread across much of the African continent, and results in complications of the  brain and spineliver and spleenblood and liverbones and blood. An effective way to reduce transmission is either to prevent these vectors from breeding or to prevent them from biting people by using  antibioticsvaccinessocksnets. 

Some diseases can be transmitted sexually, such as chlamydia, and so we can prevent their spread by using barrier methods of contraception, including  IUDscondomsoral contraceptivessterilisation. Cholera, on the other hand, is spread via contaminated  watersurfacesfoodair, and the toxins produced by the  bacteriaprotistsfungiplant involved can lead to severe diarrhoea. These types of diseases may be treated with antibiotics, although unfortunately many strains are now developing  immunityresistanceallergensignorance to these drugs.

 ViralPathogenicBacterialFungal diseases are the hardest to control as the pathogens involved reproduce rapidly inside human cells. Some, such as measles, do have  antisepticsfungicidesvaccinesantitoxins available, although many widespread and serious diseases, including AIDS, do not. AIDS develops after  CNSTMVHIVDNA infection from contact with an infected person's bodily fluids, causing the destruction of  white blood cellsbrain cellsciliated cellsred blood cells in the body.