Food and transport in cells GapFill

All cells require certain substances to be moved into or out of the cell. As a result, many adaptations exist for such a need.  TranslocationDiffusionTranspirationMitosis is the movement of substances  withindownbetweenup a concentration gradient. Importantly, this  does not requiremay or may not requirerequireswill usually require energy. Examples of the substances that move in this way are  carbon dioxideoxygenplateletsamino acids moving into blood in the lungs, or urea moving out of blood in the kidneys.

 ConductionPhotosynthesisMeiosisOsmosis is another example of a transport method that uses  lots ofsomenominimal energy, though this is specific for  DNAglucosewaterurea and involves movement across  the cell membranethe cell wallgenesmuscles from dilute to more concentrated solutions.

Active transport uses  oxygenelectricitylightenergy to move substances  next todownalongup a concentration gradient. Using active transport, substances in the soil, such as ions, or  glucoseplateletsglycogenurea in the blood can be absorbed, despite their relative concentrations in the plant or the blood.

Different foods contain various substances which can be tested for. The biuret test can be carried out to test for the presence of  lipidglucoseDNAprotein in foods - a positive result is the solution turning  cloudycolourlesspurpleorange. Similarly, iodine solution turning  silverblue-blackwhite/milkyyellow-orange would indicate that starch is in the sample, and  Fischer'sBenedict'sDarwin'sFleming's solution can distinguish between reducing and non-reducing sugars.