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A1 The importance of fitness for successful participation in sport GapFill
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The different components are suited to various team sports, individual sports, outdoor activities and physical fitness activities.
– As the role of this component is to supply oxygen, it is required in low- to medium-intensity activities. These are usually -based, such as long-distance running events or mountaineering. However, it is also used in intermittent sports that involve both aerobic and anaerobic efforts, such as tennis or football, to enable athletes to last the full duration. It can also be targeted in physical fitness activities by working on a cross trainer, a treadmill, an exercise bike, or a similar machine.
Muscular – Examples of where this component is important include events , including road cycling (using the leg muscles), cricket (using the upper body), and rock climbing (targeting the full body). This component is also often targeted in physical fitness activities by choosing resistance options and performing a high number of repetitions. Examples include using resistance bands, light free weights, resistance machines, or kettlebells in circuit-style training.
Muscular – This component is required in fitness activities such as training, in certain team sport activities like a scrum in rugby, or individual events such as the shot-put. Serving in tennis, shooting in hockey, and batting in cricket all require an element of this component, which is typically combined with speed to produce power in explosive movements.
– This is a key component in timed events that last for a short duration, such as the 100 and 200 m sprint. It is also required in certain team sport actions, such as in football or beating an opponent in a race to the ball in hockey.
– An example of an individual sport where this component is important is gymnastics, e.g. when performing a split jump. Other actions in sports and activities where this is an important component include a range of kicks in martial arts, or physical fitness activities such as and tai chi.
– Many sports and activities require participants to have a certain physique. Certain athletes such as sprinters and gymnasts require a large muscle mass compared to fat mass in order to move freely and efficiently in their sports. On the other hand, some sports performers may require a large fat mass to add to overall body weight and brute force, such as a front row forward in rugby, or a boxer fighting in the division.