21 - Big Data GapFill

The term 'big data' applies to data that is substantial in terms of any combination of   varietyvelocityvalidityvolume ( the data is generated quickly),   validityvelocityvarietyvolume (the data may be structured, unstructured, textual or non-textual), and   validityvelocityvarietyvolume (there is a lot of data).  Traditional means of interrogating data, such as using   initialisationlexical analysisinstantiationSQL queries, are not effective.  Data stores are often   serialrandomdistributedsequential, so not all data are stored in the same physical location.  This is a challenge that is met, in terms of big data, by the use of   proceduralobject-orientedimperativefunctional programming, several properties of which are quite useful here.    EncapsulationStatelessnessMutabilityIntuitiveness, i.e. the lack of capacity to alter a program in terms of, say, global variables, means the order in which processes occur is unimportant.  This means that   parallelisationportabilitypacket switchingpolymorphism, useful when dealing with large amounts of data, can be implemented with less fear of undesirable effects, enabling simultaneous or overlapping processes to occur.