11 - Units and Number Bases GapFill

There are three numbers of particular interest in computer science –  denaryternaryoctalbinary, also known as base 2,  binaryquaternaryduodecimaldenary, also referred to as base 10, and  ternaryduodecimaldecimalhexadecimal, which is also called base 16.  Other numbering systems exist, and a numbering system can comprise any base. In any numbering system, the value of the digit on the right can be determined by multiplying it by the  primebaserootcube to the power of  410-1.  For each additional digit, as you move to the left its place value is multiplied by  the base168the base minus 1.  So, for a binary number the place values are 1,  2165,  12943,  151668, and so on.  For a hexadecimal number, it's 1,   8161015,   8200144256, and so on.  A hexadecimal digit, whose highest value is  0CF9, can always be represented using no more than  twothreeonefour binary digits.  In denary, the equivalent of the highest two-digit hexadecimal number is  2562556364, which is also the highest number that can be represented in binary using  twelveeighttwentysix bits.  For these reasons, you'll often see this number used in IP addresses and in values to represent colour.