Transition metals, alloys and corrosion GapFill

 TransitionEssentialAlkaliMedial metals, such as iron, are found in the central block of the periodic table. They are metals, but they have very different chemical and physical properties from the metals in Group 1. For example:

• they are  more brittlemore reactivemore conductiveharder
• they change state at a higher temperature, so have higher melting points
• their strength is higher, so they are often used in construction
• they react less vigorously with oxygen,  acidscarbon dioxidehydrogenwater and halogens

They can often be used as  magnetsenzymesreagentscatalysts to speed up reactions. They can also form  aromaticcovalentcolourednegative compounds, and have ions with different  chargessizesnumbers of protonsenergy levels.

Over time, materials will react chemically to become damaged or corroded; chemically, this process is known as  corrosiondestructionwear and tearlosing HP. In the specific case of iron, this process is called rusting. Rusting requires the iron to be exposed to  nitrogenheatjust waterair and water. To prevent this damage occurring, metals are often coated in another material, such as paint, or  a more reactive metala noble gasa less reactive metalstone is attached to the metal's surface so that it reacts preferentially to the metal, a process known as sacrificial protection.

Two or more metals can be mixed together to create what is known as  an alloya cocktaila mixerglass. An example is steel, which is iron with different amounts of  carbonchlorineoxygenhydrogen and other metals added. Because it is a mixture of metals, steel has distorted layers, and so is  strongersofterpalerdarker than pure iron.