Food and transport in cells GapFill

All cells require certain substances to be moved into or out of the cell. As a result, many adaptations exist for such a need.  TranslocationTranspirationDiffusionMitosis is the movement of substances  betweendownwithinup a concentration gradient. Importantly, this  requiresmay or may not requiredoes not requirewill usually require energy. Examples of the substances that move in this way are  amino acidsoxygenplateletscarbon dioxide moving into blood in the lungs, or urea moving out of blood in the kidneys.

 PhotosynthesisConductionOsmosisMeiosis is another example of a transport method that uses  somelots ofminimalno energy, though this is specific for  DNAglucosewaterurea and involves movement across  the cell membranethe cell wallmusclesgenes from dilute to more concentrated solutions.

Active transport uses  electricityoxygenlightenergy to move substances  alongnext todownup a concentration gradient. Using active transport, substances in the soil, such as ions, or  ureaplateletsglucoseglycogen in the blood can be absorbed, despite their relative concentrations in the plant or the blood.

Different foods contain various substances which can be tested for. The biuret test can be carried out to test for the presence of  glucoseproteinDNAlipid in foods - a positive result is the solution turning  purpleorangecloudycolourless. Similarly, iodine solution turning  yellow-orangewhite/milkyblue-blacksilver would indicate that starch is in the sample, and  Benedict'sMendel'sFischer'sDarwin's solution can distinguish between reducing and non-reducing sugars.