7.1-7.4 Timbers: sources, origins, properties, selection, impact of forces GapFill

Timber is sourced from all around the world. The  Alps Alpine forestsEuropean forestsAmazonian forests is a large source for pine. Pine is a pale-coloured timber that is  heavyhard lightweighttough, which makes transport cost-effective. It is commonly used for aesthetic uses because of its   grain structurelow costhardnesssoftness. Oak is typically sourced from  the Alps European forestsAmazonian forestsAlpine forests. This is a hardwood, which has a  low toughnesslow conductivity high toughnesshigh conductivity, making it an ideal material selection for long use high-quality furniture.  OakBalsa MahoganyAsh is a hardwood sourced from the Amazonian forests. This timber is transported great distances because of its appealing grain and  light reddishlight browndark brown dark reddish colour. Long transportation routes cause  habitat destructiontime delays high levels of pollutiontraffic, which contributes to global warming. Manufacturers can improve the  physical propertiesfunctionality sustainabilityappearance of timber products by selecting timbers closer to them.  Logging DeforestationClimate changeGlobal warming is the process of removing trees without renewing the material resource. This can have an impact on wildlife habitats in the area, as well as causing soil erosion.  Fashion forecastingFuture predictionsFuture forecasting Trend forecasting is when manufacturers or designers predict future fashions to keep ahead of other producers as well as meeting customers' needs. Manufactured boards such as   chipboardpineashoak can be much more sustainable than hardwoods or softwoods. This is because they can be made from  repairedrepurposedreused recycled timer. Fibre board is made by fusing together fibres using adhesive or heat, which means it does not feature natural characteristics like  cracks knotsdensitysize. On the other hand, the durability and   tensile strengthconductivityabsorbencyelasticity can be far higher than those of any natural timber.