Respiration GapFill

The first stage of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration is  oxidative phosphorylationchemiosmosisreductionglycolysis. During this stage, glucose is phosphorylated to produce  lactatehexose bisphosphateglycogenADP, which is then split into  acetateATPethanoltriose phosphate and oxidised, giving a net gain of  twelve pyruvate moleculestwo pyruvate moleculessix pyruvate moleculesone pyruvate molecule, plus reduced NAD and ATP.

In anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is converted to  ethanolglucose phosphateglycogenlactate in yeast, or  lactatetriose phosphateethanolglucose phosphate in mammals.

Pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrial matrix and is decarboxylated and dehydrogenated to  acetylcoenzyme Atrioseglucoseacetate during the  connective reactionlink reactionmatrix connectionKrebs cycle. This molecule then combines with coenzyme A to form  Glucose CoATriose AAcetyl CoAPyruvate A, which is necessary in the  James cycleKrebs cycleDoran cycleCalvin cycle.

The third stage of aerobic respiration is a series of oxidation-reduction reactions which release  methaneammoniaoxygencarbon dioxide and hydrogen in order to convert citrate into oxaloacetate and reduce the coenzymes  ADP and NADNAD and FADADP and FADNAD and TAD. ATP is also produced and citrate and oxaloacetate are regenerated in a cyclical process.

During  oxidative phosphorylationdiffusionglycolysisthe Krebs cycle, electrons are passed along an electron transport chain, providing the energy which causes  amino acidsADPsodium ionsprotons to accumulate outside the mitochondrial matrix and diffuse back in through ATP synthase molecules to generate ATP. They then combine with oxygen and electrons to form  carbon dioxidewaterlipidssugars.