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A2 Intellectual development Categorise
Target Level
Pass
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Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
Preoperational (2-7 years)
Concrete operational (7-11 years)
Formal operational (11+ years)
Thinking becomes more abstract, and children are now able to use logic to solve problems that are not physically present in front of them.
Infants use their senses to interact with the world, e.g. via touch or mouth.
Children can use their imagination and think at a symbolic level, but are not yet able to use logic.
Animism is observed, where children believe objects have the same emotions and feelings as they do.
Children are also developing skills in deductive logic and systematic planning, applying logical reasoning to work out what the consequences of their actions might be.
Children continue to be egocentric and are unable to understand the viewpoints of other people.
Decentration occurs - children are able to consider multiple aspects of a situation
Able to use simple logic for problem-solving.
Language development begins at this stage.
Able to problem-solve as long as the issue is laid out physically in front of them.
The use of symbolic thought in play is observed, i.e. the ability to assign physical attributes to objects that are entirely different in form.
This stage involves a lot of trial and error, and testing new things out.
Children can work from mental representations - no longer need t see a concrete representation of a problem.
Children’s cognitive skills develop further and they are able to understand conservation and reversibility, but only when applied to physical objects.
Object permanence is learnt in this stage - where they understand objects still exist when they can not be seen.
The child is egocentric, i.e. believes that other people see and understand things in exactly the same way as they do.