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Thinkers and their Ideas Categorise
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C
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Johann Gottfried von Herder
Giuseppe Mazzini
Charles Maurras
Marcus Garvey
Civic nationalism was influenced by his ideas
Considered the nation superior to the individual and that the individual's first thought should be how they fit into their nation
Advocated pan-Africanism, which was the belief that all Africans were part of the same nation
Advocated black pride - black people should be proud of their heritage and their African nation
Never referred to the concept of nationalism himself
Believed that if the world were divided into nation states there would be peace
Developed integral nationalism
Came up with the idea of 'thought and action' - meaning that every thought should lead to an action
He considered that blacks and whites were equal but should be kept separate as only separatism would guarantee black independence
Only in a nation can people gain true freedom
Every volk (people) has its own volksgeist (unique spirit)
Nations do not create cultural difference; rather, they are the expression of it
Only where there is active participation of the people is the government legitimate
Most associated with culturalism as he advocated that a nation needed a unique cultural identity
Advocated that nations maintain a strong military to protect their interests