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Why do river landscapes in the UK vary, and what are the processes shaping them? Categorise
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4-5
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Natural factors
Human factors
If the geology is hard (igneous), there may be less load - and load might be larger and more angular because it is harder to wear away by attrition
Engineering increases the risk of flooding downstream as the flow of water is increased
During dry weather, river flow decreases, meaning that velocity decreases - there is less transport and erosion, and more deposition
After periods of high rainfall, the river's discharge will increase
The effects of river engineering altering the flow and storage of the river
Flow is obstructed by the footings of bridges in the water
If the geology is soft (e.g. sedimentary), there will be more erosion and therefore transport
Artificial water storage and diversion channels can be built
In the uplands, the geology is often impermeable, hard and igneous
Building dams reduces the flow of water and load downstream - the dams eventually silt up, and downstream erosion can increase
After rainfall, rivers appear muddy because of the extra erosion, and velocity increases to allow more suspended load
Building roads and buildings reduces infiltration and increases runoff - meaning that water enters the channel faster